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KSK Thermal Power Plant in Chhattisgarh Hits Roadblock; People Demand Compensation, Employment

Reported by

Riddhi Pandey

Legal Review by

Edited by

Updated by

Published on

January 16, 2017

May 17, 2022

Edited on

January 16, 2017

State

Chhattisgarh

Sector

Power

People Affected by Conflict

8842

Households Affected by Conflict

Land Area Affected (in Hectares)

830

ha

Starting Year

2008

Location of Conflict

Nariyara

Amora, Rogda and Tarod villages

Janjgir Champa

Reason or Cause of Conflict

Thermal Power Plant

Land Conflict Summary

The KSK Thermal Power Plant has been fret with allegations of procedural violations in land acquisition and rehabilitation. The aversion to the plant also stems from the more widespread discontent over the environmental impact of other power plant projects in the district. Officially, there are 2,541 Project Affected Families (PAFs) due to the KSK power plant. The Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC) granted environmental clearance (EC) to the project in 2009. But the village residents claim that land acquisition for the project had begun in 2008 itself through various mediators. In response, the villagers protested widely against the acquisition process. Reportedly, the administration also offered low rates of compensation to the PAFs for their lands. But the compensation was revised after the Chhattisgarh Rehabilitation Policy was introduced in 2007.  In January 2011, the affected families again protested against the land acquisition and encroachment. According to ground reports, in multiple instances, the police lathicharged the farmers during these protests.   In the same year, KSK Energy Ventures Limited came under scrutiny for allegations over dismantling the Rodga Dam for facilitating the construction of the power plant. The people immediately launched protests to oppose the destruction of a water and irrigation source for households in three villages. Subsequently, they submitted a written complaint to the Akaltara police station and the block and district officials. However, the company refuted the claims of discrepancy and clarified that the dam was no longer a source of irrigation.  In March 2011, Chhattisgarh Vidhan Sabha established a committee to probe into this allocation by the government. Subsequently, in August 2012, the committee report gave a clean chit to the company officials after presenting a report in the Legislative Assembly in July. In 2014, following the allegations under the Coal Scam, the company came under the scanner again, and its allocations were cancelled.  In the same year, a villager filed a petition at the National Green Tribunal (NGT). In response, the company stated that it had complied with the conditions for the EC.  In May 2015, the people stopped the construction of a pipeline for the plant in protest against the delay in offering compensation, employment and other facilities promised under the rehabilitation package. In MayJune 2016, the farmers, under the banner of the Hind Mazdoor Sabha, organised protests to question the discrepancies in giving the promised permanent employment and wages to the PAFs instead of contractual lowwage jobs. Subsequently, the district collector launched an inquiry into the issue after a delegation met with him.  In September 2017, NGT directed the company to conduct a social audit of the socioeconomic impact of the project on the villages since 2012. In 2019, the plant came under inspection for fly ash utilisation after the NGT constituted a committee to look into various thermal power plant projects. Meanwhile, in 2017 and 2019, the MoEFCC extended the EC of the project.  In May 2021, the company applied for EC for the three remaining units on the existing land. According to its PreFeasibility Report, there is no pending rehabilitation in the village and as such, the company has requested an exemption from holding a public hearing. The Expert Appraisal Committee is yet to grant the EC. 

Fact Sheet

Demand/Contention of the Affected Community

Complaint against procedural violations

Demand for promised compensation

Demand for employment

Opposition against environmental degradation

Other Demand/Contention of the Affected Community

Region Classification

Rural

Type of Land

Private

Type of Common Land

What was the action taken by the police?

How many people did the police detain or arrest?

What is the current status of the detained/accused persons?

Did the person face any violence while in police custody?

Did the person face any violence while in police custody?

If any arrests took place, were the accused persons produced before a judge within 24 hours of the arrest?

If the accused was not produced before a magistrate within 24 hours, or not produced at all, what were the reasons?

Legislation under which the accused was charged

Was the accused person informed of their right to legal representation? Did the accused person have access to legal aid?

In cases where the accused person approached the court for bail, was bail granted?

Why was bail granted or rejected? If granted, what were the bail conditions and quantum of bail?

Were there any other notable irregularities that took place, or other significant details?

Details of sources (names of accused, names and numbers of any lawyers, names of any police officers contacted)

Status of Project

Original Project Deadline

Whether the Project has been Delayed

Significance of Land to Land Owners/Users

Whether the project was stalled due to land conflict

Source/Reference

Total investment involved (in Crores):

16000

Type of investment:

Cost of Project

Year of Estimation

Page Number In Investment Document:

Has the Conflict Ended?

When did it end?

Why did the conflict end?

Legal Data

Categories of Legislations Involved in the Conflict

Land Acquisition Laws, Central/State Government Policy, Environmental Laws

Legislations/Policies Involved

Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006
Clause 7(III) [Prior to the grant of a clearance, a public consultation shall be conducted where the concerns of the affected persons and those who have a stake in the environmental impacts of the project are ascertained and taken into account]; Appendix I (9.4) [The cumulative negative effects that the project may have on the environment due to close proximity to other existing projects must be considered before granting a clearance]
Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
Section 22 [No person operating any industry shall be allowed to discharge any air pollutants in excess of the prescribed standards]
Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
Section 24 [No person shall knowingly cause any polluting matter to be discharged into any stream or well or on land]
Land Acquisition Act, 1894
Section 23 [While determining the amount of compensation payable, the Collector shall take into account the market value of the land and the the reasonable expenses incurred if the persons interested are compelled to change their place of business or residence]; Section 16 [The collector may take possession of the land after an award of compensation has been made]
No. F 7-97/Rehab Policy/07, Ideal Rehabilitation Policy 2007 of State of Chhattisgarh (as amended), Chhattisgarh State Government, May 15, 2008
Clause 6.4 [In addition to compensation, any displaced family will be eligible for getting a plot of land]; Clause 7.1 [One member of a displaced family shall be eligible for employment in the industrial project for which the land was acquired]; Clause 8 [The state government shall ensure that basic common facilities are provided in all the rehabilitation areas]
  1. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  2. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  3. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  4. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  5. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  6. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  7. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

Whether claims/objections were made as per procedure in the relevant statute

What was the claim(s)/objection(s) raised by the community?

What was the Decision of the Concerned Government Department?

Legal Processes and Loopholes Enabling the Conflict:

No items found.

Legal Status:

In Court

Status of Case In Court

Disposed

Whether any adjudicatory body was approached

Yes

Name of the adjudicatory body

Name(s) of the Court(s)

Case Number

O.A. No. 308 of 2014

Main Reasoning/Decision of court

Major Human Rights Violations Related to the Conflict:

No items found.

Whether criminal law was used against protestors:

Reported Details of the Violation:

Date of Violation

Location of Violation

Additional Information

Nature of Protest

Blockades

Protests/marches

Complaints/petitions/letters/memorandums to officials

Government Departments Involved in the Conflict:

Chhattisgarh State Government

PSUs Involved in the Conflict:

Did LCW Approach Government Authorities for Comments?

Name, Designation and Comment of the Government Authorities Approached

Corporate Parties Involved in the Conflict:

KSK Energy Ventures Limited

Did LCW Approach Corporate Parties for Comments?

Communities/Local Organisations in the Conflict:

Information on the use of criminal law

What was the action taken by the police?

How many people did the police detain or arrest?

What is the current status of the detained/accused persons?

Did the person face any violence while in police custody?

If any arrests took place, were the accused persons produced before a judge within 24 hours of the arrest?

If the accused was not produced before a magistrate within 24 hours, or not produced at all, what were the reasons?

Legislation under which the accused was charged

Was the accused person informed of their right to legal representation? Did the accused person have access to legal aid?

In cases where the accused person approached the court for bail, was bail granted?

Why was bail granted or rejected? If granted, what were the bail conditions and quantum of bail?

Were there any other notable irregularities that took place, or other significant details?

Resources

Resources Related to Conflict

  • News Articles Related to the Conflict:
  • Documents Related to the Conflict:
  • Links Related to the Conflict:

Images

Image Credit:  

Image Credit:  

Video

The KSK Thermal Power Plant has been fret with allegations of procedural violations in land acquisition and rehabilitation. The aversion to the plant also stems from the more widespread discontent over the environmental impact of other power plant projects in the district. Officially, there are 2,541 Project Affected Families (PAFs) due to the KSK power plant. The Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC) granted environmental clearance (EC) to the project in 2009. But the village residents claim that land acquisition for the project had begun in 2008 itself through various mediators. In response, the villagers protested widely against the acquisition process. Reportedly, the administration also offered low rates of compensation to the PAFs for their lands. But the compensation was revised after the Chhattisgarh Rehabilitation Policy was introduced in 2007.  In January 2011, the affected families again protested against the land acquisition and encroachment. According to ground reports, in multiple instances, the police lathicharged the farmers during these protests.   In the same year, KSK Energy Ventures Limited came under scrutiny for allegations over dismantling the Rodga Dam for facilitating the construction of the power plant. The people immediately launched protests to oppose the destruction of a water and irrigation source for households in three villages. Subsequently, they submitted a written complaint to the Akaltara police station and the block and district officials. However, the company refuted the claims of discrepancy and clarified that the dam was no longer a source of irrigation.  In March 2011, Chhattisgarh Vidhan Sabha established a committee to probe into this allocation by the government. Subsequently, in August 2012, the committee report gave a clean chit to the company officials after presenting a report in the Legislative Assembly in July. In 2014, following the allegations under the Coal Scam, the company came under the scanner again, and its allocations were cancelled.  In the same year, a villager filed a petition at the National Green Tribunal (NGT). In response, the company stated that it had complied with the conditions for the EC.  In May 2015, the people stopped the construction of a pipeline for the plant in protest against the delay in offering compensation, employment and other facilities promised under the rehabilitation package. In MayJune 2016, the farmers, under the banner of the Hind Mazdoor Sabha, organised protests to question the discrepancies in giving the promised permanent employment and wages to the PAFs instead of contractual lowwage jobs. Subsequently, the district collector launched an inquiry into the issue after a delegation met with him.  In September 2017, NGT directed the company to conduct a social audit of the socioeconomic impact of the project on the villages since 2012. In 2019, the plant came under inspection for fly ash utilisation after the NGT constituted a committee to look into various thermal power plant projects. Meanwhile, in 2017 and 2019, the MoEFCC extended the EC of the project.  In May 2021, the company applied for EC for the three remaining units on the existing land. According to its PreFeasibility Report, there is no pending rehabilitation in the village and as such, the company has requested an exemption from holding a public hearing. The Expert Appraisal Committee is yet to grant the EC. 

Demand/Contention of the Affected Community

Complaint against procedural violations

Demand for promised compensation

Demand for employment

Opposition against environmental degradation

Other Demand/Contention of the Affected Community

Region Classification

Rural

Type of Land

Private

Type of Common Land

Total investment involved (in Crores):

16000

Type of investment:

Cost of Project

Year of Estimation

Page Number In Investment Document:

Has the Conflict Ended?

When did it end?

Why did the conflict end?

Categories of Legislations Involved in the Conflict

Land Acquisition Laws, Central/State Government Policy, Environmental Laws

Legislations/Policies Involved

Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006
Clause 7(III) [Prior to the grant of a clearance, a public consultation shall be conducted where the concerns of the affected persons and those who have a stake in the environmental impacts of the project are ascertained and taken into account]; Appendix I (9.4) [The cumulative negative effects that the project may have on the environment due to close proximity to other existing projects must be considered before granting a clearance]
Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
Section 22 [No person operating any industry shall be allowed to discharge any air pollutants in excess of the prescribed standards]
Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
Section 24 [No person shall knowingly cause any polluting matter to be discharged into any stream or well or on land]
Land Acquisition Act, 1894
Section 23 [While determining the amount of compensation payable, the Collector shall take into account the market value of the land and the the reasonable expenses incurred if the persons interested are compelled to change their place of business or residence]; Section 16 [The collector may take possession of the land after an award of compensation has been made]
No. F 7-97/Rehab Policy/07, Ideal Rehabilitation Policy 2007 of State of Chhattisgarh (as amended), Chhattisgarh State Government, May 15, 2008
Clause 6.4 [In addition to compensation, any displaced family will be eligible for getting a plot of land]; Clause 7.1 [One member of a displaced family shall be eligible for employment in the industrial project for which the land was acquired]; Clause 8 [The state government shall ensure that basic common facilities are provided in all the rehabilitation areas]
  1. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  2. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  3. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  4. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  5. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  6. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  7. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

Whether claims/objections were made as per procedure in the relevant statute

What was the claim(s)/objection(s) raised by the community?

What was the Decision of the Concerned Government Department?

Legal Processes and Loopholes Enabling the Conflict:

No items found.

Legal Status:

In Court

Status of Case In Court

Disposed

Whether any adjudicatory body was approached

Yes

Name of the adjudicatory body

Name(s) of the Court(s)

Case Number

O.A. No. 308 of 2014

Main Reasoning/Decision of court

Major Human Rights Violations Related to the Conflict:

No items found.

Whether criminal law was used against protestors:

Reported Details of the Violation:

Date of Violation

Location of Violation

Nature of Protest

Blockades

Protests/marches

Complaints/petitions/letters/memorandums to officials

Government Departments Involved in the Conflict:

Chhattisgarh State Government

PSUs Involved in the Conflict:

Did LCW Approach Government Authorities for Comments?

Name, Designation and Comment of the Government Authorities Approached

Corporate Parties Involved in the Conflict:

KSK Energy Ventures Limited

Did LCW Approach Corporate Parties for Comments?

Communities/Local Organisations in the Conflict:

Resources Related to Conflict

  • News Articles Related to the Conflict:
  • Documents Related to the Conflict:
  • Links Related to the Conflict:

Image Credit:  

Image Credit:  

Documented By

Text Link

Reviewed By

Text Link

Updated By

Text Link

Edited By

Text LinkLand Conflict Watch

Other Land Conflicts in Chhattisgarh

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