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Declaration of village land as protected forest areas in the hill district of Manipur triggers statewide protests

Reported by

East Street Journal Asia

Legal Data by

Anmol Gupta, Mukta Joshi

Edited by

Radhika Chatterjee

Updated by

Published on

April 18, 2023

May 8, 2023

Edited on

April 18, 2023

State

Manipur

Sector

Conservation and Forestry

People Affected by Conflict

Households Affected by Conflict

13

Land Area Affected (in Hectares)

ha

Starting Year

2023

Location of Conflict

K Songjang

Kungpinaosen, Noney, Ukhrul, Kangpokpi, Tengnoupal and Jiribam

Churachandpur

Reason or Cause of Conflict

Protected Areas

Derecognising 38 villages in the districts of Churachandpur and Noney

Land Conflict Summary

In February 2023, the Forest Department of Manipur along with police forces evicted the residents of a Kuki tribal village K Songjang in Churachandpur district. Located along the border of Churachandpur and Noney districts, the state government notified K. Songjang for eviction alleging that the village was encroaching on Churachandpur-Khoupum protected forest.

On February 15, the Deputy Commissioner of Churachandpur district ordered a verification drive to identify ‘illegal immigrants’ in several villages under the Churachandpur and Mualnuam sub-divisions in south Manipur. People believe it's illegal for the government to take over their ancestral lands by declaring them as reserved forests and wildlife sanctuaries. 

On February 20, K. Songjang village was notified for eviction for being near the Churachandpur-Khoupum Protected forest stretch. The government declared the houses that were constructed after 2021 as illegal and liable for eviction.

The eviction drive was executed on February 20 by the Noney Forest Division and state police officials**.** A show cause notice was served to Kungpinaosen village in the same district, directing the villagers to vacate the land for the same reason. 

In March 2023, the Indigenous Tribal Leaders’ Forum (ITLF), a newly formed conglomerate of tribal groups, and Kuki Students Union (KSO) organised  rallies in all the hills districts of Churachandpur, Ukhrul, Kangpokpi, Tengnoupal and Jiribam to protest the evictions. Protests were also held at Delhi's Jantar Mantar.

In Kangpokpi district, the rally turned violent when the police used tear gas shells to disperse the crowd. While the protestors resorted to stone pelting. Five people were reported to have been injured, including police personnel.

“The state government has declared a huge chunk of tribal-owned and inhabited hill areas as its land circumventing the forest-dwelling communities by depriving them of a consultation,” said Robert Thongkholal Haokip, an expert on North Eastern affairs, and an Assistant Professor at Jawaharlal Nehru University.

With unique traditions, cultures, and dialects, the tribal communities have often been excluded from decision making processes in Manipur, affecting their lives and livelihoods. They have also been subjected to land grabs, forced displacement, and exploitation of natural resources, leading to poverty, social unrest, and loss of cultural identity.

The Manipur Forest Department issued a clarification stating that K. Songjang village is a new settlement established in 2021, much after the notification of the Protected Forest in 1966, and is therefore in violation of state forest conservation laws.

A complaint was filed before the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) on March 5, 2023, to quash the notification declaring the area as a forest land and against the wrongful use of police force. A notice was issued by the NCST to the state government on March 14, 2023. This notice asked the government to share all facts on the issue and the action taken report within fifteen days.

Fact Sheet

Demand/Contention of the Affected Community

Demand to retain/protect access to common land/resources

Demand for legal recognition of land rights

Other Demand/Contention of the Affected Community

1. Demand for a Southern Manipur Autonomous Territorial Council 2. Demand to stop the Govt. from acquiring indigenous tribal land by unconstitutionally declaring it as protected forest areas like Reserved forests, protected forest areas, Wildlife sanctuaries etc.

Region Classification

Rural

Type of Land

Common and Private

Type of Common Land

Forest and Non-Forest

What was the action taken by the police?

How many people did the police detain or arrest?

What is the current status of the detained/accused persons?

Did the person face any violence while in police custody?

Did the person face any violence while in police custody?

If any arrests took place, were the accused persons produced before a judge within 24 hours of the arrest?

If the accused was not produced before a magistrate within 24 hours, or not produced at all, what were the reasons?

Legislation under which the accused was charged

Was the accused person informed of their right to legal representation? Did the accused person have access to legal aid?

In cases where the accused person approached the court for bail, was bail granted?

Why was bail granted or rejected? If granted, what were the bail conditions and quantum of bail?

Were there any other notable irregularities that took place, or other significant details?

Details of sources (names of accused, names and numbers of any lawyers, names of any police officers contacted)

Status of Project

Original Project Deadline

Whether the Project has been Delayed

Significance of Land to Land Owners/Users

Residential area, Other Natural Resource extraction/dependence, Religious/Sacred/Cultural value, Non-agri rural enterprise

Whether the project was stalled due to land conflict

Source/Reference

Total investment involved (in Crores):

Type of investment:

Year of Estimation

Page Number In Investment Document:

Has the Conflict Ended?

No

When did it end?

Why did the conflict end?

Legal Data

Categories of Legislations Involved in the Conflict

Legislations/Policies Involved

Indian Forest Act, 1927
Section 3 [State government may constitute any forestland as reserved forest] Section 26 [Acts prohibited in forest to include trespass]  Section 29 [No notification for declaring reserved forests will be made without inquiring into rights of private persons residing over the land. The State Government must conduct a survey before declaring such notification.] Section 72 [State government may invest any forest office with the power to hold inquiry into forest offences]
Manipur Forest Rules, 2021
Rule no. 73 [Forest Officer to evict any encroachment/ trespass on forest land. Encroachers to be evicted without notice.]
Manipur Land Revenue and Land Reforms Act, 1960
Section 15 [Any person occupying government land without lawful authority will be regarded as trespasser and may be evicted] Section 90 [Wherever evictions have to be carried out under the act, authorities are permitted to use force as may be reasonably necessary]
Sudama Singh v. Deepak Mohan Spolia (C.A. No(s). 21806-21807/2017, Supreme Court)
The High Court in the case had directed that before any eviction, the relevant authority must identify evictees eligible for relocation and rehabilitation. The state authorities must also ensure that basic civic liberties are ensured at the site of relocation. The Supreme Court confirmed this decision and stated that the directions passed in the High Court judgment must be complied with precisely.
Report of the Special Rapporteur on Adequate Housing, A/HRC/RES/43/14, dated July 6, 2020
The Guidelines state that the government must provide just compensation and sufficient accommodation to evictees immediately. At a minimum, the government must provide access to basic facilities such as food, water, and shelter, among others.
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989
Section (3)(1)(g) [Wrongful dispossession of a member of a Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe from his land or interference with the enjoyment of his rights over any land will constitute an offence under the Act and is liable for punishment]
Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006
Section 2(a) [Community Forest Resource defined to be customary forestland to which community has traditional access]; Section 3 [Forest rights of forest-dwelling tribes to include right of ownership, access to collect and use minor forest produce which has been traditionally collected within village boundaries. Such rights also include right to in situ rehabilitation, including alternative land, if traditional forest-dwelling tribes have been illegally evicted or displaced from forestland]; Section 4(5) [Forest-dwelling tribes may not be evicted from occupied forestland before registration and verification process is complete]
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    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  2. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  3. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  4. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  5. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  6. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  7. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

Whether claims/objections were made as per procedure in the relevant statute

Yes

What was the claim(s)/objection(s) raised by the community?

What was the Decision of the Concerned Government Department?

Legal Processes and Loopholes Enabling the Conflict:

Non-consultation with stakeholders

Non-implementation/violation of FRA

Legal Status:

Out of Court

Status of Case In Court

Whether any adjudicatory body was approached

Yes

Name of the adjudicatory body

National Commission for Scheduled Tribes

Name(s) of the Court(s)

Case Number

NCST/ATY-950/MN/1/2023-ESDW

Main Reasoning/Decision of court

Major Human Rights Violations Related to the Conflict:

Lathicharge/teargas/pellets

Displacement

Other harassment

Physical attack

Surveillance

Whether criminal law was used against protestors:

Yes

Reported Details of the Violation:

In Kangpokpi, around 20 protesters were injured after the police allegedly resorted to tear gas to control the crowd. Several policemen sustained injuries too. On 10th March, a lady was beaten black and blue by the police forces when they approached to submit memorandum to the Deputy commissioner's office. They were intercepted by the authorities. They provoked and prohibited the protestors too. Police fired live bullets and 5 people were injured.

Date of Violation

March 9, 2023

Location of Violation

Kangpokpi

Additional Information

Nature of Protest

No items found.

Government Departments Involved in the Conflict:

Manipur forest department, Noney Forest Division, Office of the Deputy commissioner (Churachandpur), (Noney) (Kangpokpi)

PSUs Involved in the Conflict:

Did LCW Approach Government Authorities for Comments?

Name, Designation and Comment of the Government Authorities Approached

Corporate Parties Involved in the Conflict:

Did LCW Approach Corporate Parties for Comments?

Communities/Local Organisations in the Conflict:

Kuki Sudents' Union (KSO), Kuki Innpi Manipur (KIM)

Information on the use of criminal law

What was the action taken by the police?

How many people did the police detain or arrest?

What is the current status of the detained/accused persons?

Did the person face any violence while in police custody?

Did the person face any violence while in police custody?

If any arrests took place, were the accused persons produced before a judge within 24 hours of the arrest?

If the accused was not produced before a magistrate within 24 hours, or not produced at all, what were the reasons?

Legislation under which the accused was charged

Was the accused person informed of their right to legal representation? Did the accused person have access to legal aid?

In cases where the accused person approached the court for bail, was bail granted?

Why was bail granted or rejected? If granted, what were the bail conditions and quantum of bail?

Were there any other notable irregularities that took place, or other significant details?

Resources

Resources Related to Conflict

  • News Articles Related to the Conflict:
  • Documents Related to the Conflict:
  • Links Related to the Conflict:

Images

Peaceful protest rallies across the streets of Manipur

Image Credit:  

Sasang Khaute

Image Credit:  

Video

Sasang Khaute

In February 2023, the Forest Department of Manipur along with police forces evicted the residents of a Kuki tribal village K Songjang in Churachandpur district. Located along the border of Churachandpur and Noney districts, the state government notified K. Songjang for eviction alleging that the village was encroaching on Churachandpur-Khoupum protected forest.

On February 15, the Deputy Commissioner of Churachandpur district ordered a verification drive to identify ‘illegal immigrants’ in several villages under the Churachandpur and Mualnuam sub-divisions in south Manipur. People believe it's illegal for the government to take over their ancestral lands by declaring them as reserved forests and wildlife sanctuaries. 

On February 20, K. Songjang village was notified for eviction for being near the Churachandpur-Khoupum Protected forest stretch. The government declared the houses that were constructed after 2021 as illegal and liable for eviction.

The eviction drive was executed on February 20 by the Noney Forest Division and state police officials**.** A show cause notice was served to Kungpinaosen village in the same district, directing the villagers to vacate the land for the same reason. 

In March 2023, the Indigenous Tribal Leaders’ Forum (ITLF), a newly formed conglomerate of tribal groups, and Kuki Students Union (KSO) organised  rallies in all the hills districts of Churachandpur, Ukhrul, Kangpokpi, Tengnoupal and Jiribam to protest the evictions. Protests were also held at Delhi's Jantar Mantar.

In Kangpokpi district, the rally turned violent when the police used tear gas shells to disperse the crowd. While the protestors resorted to stone pelting. Five people were reported to have been injured, including police personnel.

“The state government has declared a huge chunk of tribal-owned and inhabited hill areas as its land circumventing the forest-dwelling communities by depriving them of a consultation,” said Robert Thongkholal Haokip, an expert on North Eastern affairs, and an Assistant Professor at Jawaharlal Nehru University.

With unique traditions, cultures, and dialects, the tribal communities have often been excluded from decision making processes in Manipur, affecting their lives and livelihoods. They have also been subjected to land grabs, forced displacement, and exploitation of natural resources, leading to poverty, social unrest, and loss of cultural identity.

The Manipur Forest Department issued a clarification stating that K. Songjang village is a new settlement established in 2021, much after the notification of the Protected Forest in 1966, and is therefore in violation of state forest conservation laws.

A complaint was filed before the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) on March 5, 2023, to quash the notification declaring the area as a forest land and against the wrongful use of police force. A notice was issued by the NCST to the state government on March 14, 2023. This notice asked the government to share all facts on the issue and the action taken report within fifteen days.

Demand/Contention of the Affected Community

Demand to retain/protect access to common land/resources

Demand for legal recognition of land rights

Other Demand/Contention of the Affected Community

1. Demand for a Southern Manipur Autonomous Territorial Council 2. Demand to stop the Govt. from acquiring indigenous tribal land by unconstitutionally declaring it as protected forest areas like Reserved forests, protected forest areas, Wildlife sanctuaries etc.

Region Classification

Rural

Type of Land

Common and Private

Type of Common Land

Forest and Non-Forest

Total investment involved (in Crores):

Type of investment:

Year of Estimation

Page Number In Investment Document:

Has the Conflict Ended?

No

When did it end?

Why did the conflict end?

Categories of Legislations Involved in the Conflict

Legislations/Policies Involved

Indian Forest Act, 1927
Section 3 [State government may constitute any forestland as reserved forest] Section 26 [Acts prohibited in forest to include trespass]  Section 29 [No notification for declaring reserved forests will be made without inquiring into rights of private persons residing over the land. The State Government must conduct a survey before declaring such notification.] Section 72 [State government may invest any forest office with the power to hold inquiry into forest offences]
Manipur Forest Rules, 2021
Rule no. 73 [Forest Officer to evict any encroachment/ trespass on forest land. Encroachers to be evicted without notice.]
Manipur Land Revenue and Land Reforms Act, 1960
Section 15 [Any person occupying government land without lawful authority will be regarded as trespasser and may be evicted] Section 90 [Wherever evictions have to be carried out under the act, authorities are permitted to use force as may be reasonably necessary]
Sudama Singh v. Deepak Mohan Spolia (C.A. No(s). 21806-21807/2017, Supreme Court)
The High Court in the case had directed that before any eviction, the relevant authority must identify evictees eligible for relocation and rehabilitation. The state authorities must also ensure that basic civic liberties are ensured at the site of relocation. The Supreme Court confirmed this decision and stated that the directions passed in the High Court judgment must be complied with precisely.
Report of the Special Rapporteur on Adequate Housing, A/HRC/RES/43/14, dated July 6, 2020
The Guidelines state that the government must provide just compensation and sufficient accommodation to evictees immediately. At a minimum, the government must provide access to basic facilities such as food, water, and shelter, among others.
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989
Section (3)(1)(g) [Wrongful dispossession of a member of a Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe from his land or interference with the enjoyment of his rights over any land will constitute an offence under the Act and is liable for punishment]
Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006
Section 2(a) [Community Forest Resource defined to be customary forestland to which community has traditional access]; Section 3 [Forest rights of forest-dwelling tribes to include right of ownership, access to collect and use minor forest produce which has been traditionally collected within village boundaries. Such rights also include right to in situ rehabilitation, including alternative land, if traditional forest-dwelling tribes have been illegally evicted or displaced from forestland]; Section 4(5) [Forest-dwelling tribes may not be evicted from occupied forestland before registration and verification process is complete]
  1. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  2. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  3. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  4. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  5. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  6. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

  7. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.

Whether claims/objections were made as per procedure in the relevant statute

Yes

What was the claim(s)/objection(s) raised by the community?

What was the Decision of the Concerned Government Department?

Legal Processes and Loopholes Enabling the Conflict:

Non-consultation with stakeholders

Non-implementation/violation of FRA

Legal Status:

Out of Court

Status of Case In Court

Whether any adjudicatory body was approached

Yes

Name of the adjudicatory body

National Commission for Scheduled Tribes

Name(s) of the Court(s)

Case Number

NCST/ATY-950/MN/1/2023-ESDW

Main Reasoning/Decision of court

Major Human Rights Violations Related to the Conflict:

Lathicharge/teargas/pellets

Displacement

Other harassment

Physical attack

Surveillance

Whether criminal law was used against protestors:

Yes

Reported Details of the Violation:

In Kangpokpi, around 20 protesters were injured after the police allegedly resorted to tear gas to control the crowd. Several policemen sustained injuries too. On 10th March, a lady was beaten black and blue by the police forces when they approached to submit memorandum to the Deputy commissioner's office. They were intercepted by the authorities. They provoked and prohibited the protestors too. Police fired live bullets and 5 people were injured.

Date of Violation

March 9, 2023

Location of Violation

Kangpokpi

Nature of Protest

No items found.

Government Departments Involved in the Conflict:

Manipur forest department, Noney Forest Division, Office of the Deputy commissioner (Churachandpur), (Noney) (Kangpokpi)

PSUs Involved in the Conflict:

Did LCW Approach Government Authorities for Comments?

LCW tried to contact the District commissioner's office Churachandpur. No response received.

Name, Designation and Comment of the Government Authorities Approached

Corporate Parties Involved in the Conflict:

Did LCW Approach Corporate Parties for Comments?

Communities/Local Organisations in the Conflict:

Kuki Sudents' Union (KSO), Kuki Innpi Manipur (KIM)

Resources Related to Conflict

  • News Articles Related to the Conflict:
  • Documents Related to the Conflict:
  • Links Related to the Conflict:
Peaceful protest rallies across the streets of Manipur

Peaceful protest rallies across the streets of Manipur

Image Credit:  

Sasang Khaute

Peaceful protest rallies across the streets of Manipur

Image Credit:  

Sasang Khaute

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Other Land Conflicts in Manipur

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